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19 Oct

who invented the cannon

The Chinese infantry took heavy casualties, and were forced to retreat. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, Science and technology of the Song dynasty, another work tentatively attributed to Bacon, Field artillery in the American Civil War, Siege artillery in the American Civil War, "Gunpowder Composition for Rockets and Cannon in Arabic Military Treatises in Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries", "Technology Transfer in the Chemical Industries", "L'Artillerie legere nousantarienne: A propos de six canons conserves dans des collections portugaises", "Encyclopædia Britannica Online – Mortar", "Variable Time Fuse Contributed to the Victory of United Nations", "DDG-1000 Zumwalt / DD(X) Multi-Mission Surface Combatant", "Raytheon Company: Products & Services: Advanced Gun System (AGS)", "How a rousing Russian tune took over our July 4th", "Antal Dorati – Recording Legend – October 2007", "Classical Net – Tchaikovsky – 1812 Overture", "Preserving My Heritage – Before & After Gallery – Cannon", "Civil War Union Cannon Conservation, CRL Report 5", "Pirate Henry Morgan's cannon found in Panama? "[56] The largest of their cannon was the Great Turkish Bombard, which required an operating crew of 200 men[57] and 70 oxen, and 10,000 men to transport it. [49] In the following year a document from the Turin area recorded a certain amount was paid "for the making of a certain instrument or device made by Friar Marcello for the projection of pellets of lead. By 1453, the Ottomans used 68 Hungarian-made cannon for the 55-day bombardment of the walls of Constantinople, "hurling the pieces everywhere and killing those who happened to be nearby. These balls are ejected from a chamber … placed in front of a kindling fire of gunpowder; this happens by a strange property which attributes all actions to the power of the Creator. [20][21][22] The word has been used to refer to a gun since 1326 in Italy, and 1418 in England. Canon began with the establishment of Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory in 1933 1962 - 1975 In 1962, Canon developed its first five-year plan in preparation for full-fledged entry into the business machine market 1976 - 1987 In 1976, Canon launched its Premier Company Plan with the aim of becoming an excellent global company 1988 - 1995 [85][88]:23 By early 16th century, the Javanese already locally-producing large guns, some of them still survived until the present day and dubbed as "sacred cannon" or "holy cannon". These claims have been disputed by science historians. These results caused the English and Hanoverian Government to make serious researches upon the improvements to be introduced in the shape of projectiles, but whatever may have been their success, we do not find in all their attempts any trace of experiment in which the conical ball and the rifled bore were combined. On command, the fifth gunner would fire the piece with a slow match. It is made with forged iron, has thirteen grooves inside, and a screw at its breech. Instrumental to this Ottoman advancement in arms production was a somewhat mysterious figure by the name of Orban (Urban), a Hungarian (though some suggest he was German). What is the hink-pink for blue green moray? One of the earliest rifled cannon was the Armstrong gun—also invented by William George Armstrong—which boasted significantly improved range, accuracy, and power than earlier weapons. They have mechanisms to automatically load their ammunition, and therefore have a higher rate of fire than artillery, often approaching, or, in the case of rotary autocannons, even surpassing the firing rate of a machine gun. [173] Despite the improved guns, production of the Panzer III was ended in 1943, as the tank still could not match the T-34, and was replaced by the Panzer IV and Panther tanks. The particular incendiary used in these cannon was most likely a gunpowder mixture. Perhaps another GeekDad knows the answer. If one of these hit an armed man it would go right through his shield and his body and go on to hit anyone else who happened to be in his way, and even a third, until the force of the powder diminished; so one shot might hit two or three men. Although severely outnumbered, the Swedes were able to fire between three and five times as many volleys of artillery without losing ground, due to their infantry's linear formations. [174] In 1944, the 8.8 cm KwK 43 and many variations, entered service with the Wehrmacht, and was used as both a tank main gun, and as the PaK 43 anti-tank gun. If you are 13 years old when were you born? [99][100] The better gunpowder, improved, cast-iron projectiles, and the standardization of calibers meant that even relatively light cannon could be deadly. In 1843 M. WAHRENDORFF, the proprietor of the great iron forge at Aker, (Sweden,) manufactured several rifled guns, but without altering the spheric shape of the bullets, which he only covered with a leaden coal, so as to facilitate their adherence to the grooves. Two field batteries fired directly upon a battalion of Chinese infantry; the Marines were forced to brace themselves against their howitzers, as they had no time to dig them in. Even with this many animals pulling, they still moved at a walking pace. [126] He was also a prolific builder of bastion forts, and did much to popularize the idea of "depth in defence" in the face of cannon. Henry II of France opted for six sizes of cannon,[91] but others settled for more; the Spanish used twelve sizes, and the English sixteen. [158] Despite the improved guns, production of the Panzer III was ended in 1943, as the tank still could not match the T-34, and was, furthermore, being replaced by the Panzer IV and Panther tanks. [117], At the Battle of Breitenfeld, in 1631, Adolphus proved the effectiveness of the changes made to his army, by defeating Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly. Battered by cannon fire, and low on morale, Tilly's men broke ranks and fled. Once the fire goes off it completely spews the rear pellet wad forth, and the sound is like a bomb that can be heard for five hundred or more paces. [177][178], Despite being designed to fire at trajectories with a steep angle of descent, howitzers can be fired directly, as was done by the 11th Marine Regiment at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir, during the Korean War. [109][110] Better gunpowder, cast-iron projectiles (replacing stone), and the standardisation of calibres meant that even relatively light cannon could be deadly. [124][126] Among the first generals to recognize that artillery was not being used to its full potential, Napoleon often massed his cannon into batteries, and introduced several changes into the French artillery, improving it significantly, and making it among the finest in Europe. [112], Innovations continued, notably the German invention of the mortar, a thick-walled, short-barrelled gun that blasted shot upward at a steep angle. The fastest of these is the GSh-6-23, which has a rate of fire of over 10,000 rounds per minute. [84] Gunpowder weaponry exchange between China and Japan was slow and only a small number of hand guns ever reached Japan. “It looked just like ordinary gum, except that it would blow these great big bubbles,” he once said. This event led to near universal use of the swivel-gun and cannon in the Nusantara archipelago. [204], Cannon recovered from the sea are often extensively damaged from exposure to salt water; because of this, electrolytic reduction treatment is required to forestall the process of corrosion.

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